HTML documents are defined by HTML
elements.
HTML Elements:
An HTML element is everything from the start tag to
the end tag:
Start tag Element
content End tag
<p> This
is a paragraph </p>
<a href="default.htm"> This
is a link </a>
<br>
* The start tag is often called the opening tag. The end tag is
often called the closing tag.
HTML Element Syntax:
- An HTML element starts with a start tag / opening tag
- An HTML element ends with an end tag / closing tag
- The element content is everything between the start and the end tag
- Some HTML elements have empty content
- Empty elements are closed in the start tag
- Most HTML elements can have attributes
Tip: You will learn about attributes in the
next chapter of this tutorial.
Nested HTML Elements:
Most
HTML elements can be nested (can contain other HTML elements).
HTML
documents consist of nested HTML elements.
HTML Document Example
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
<html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
The
example above contains 3 HTML elements.
HTML Example Explained:
The
<p> element:
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
The
<p> element defines a paragraph in the HTML document.
The element has a start tag <p> and an end tag </p>.
The element content is: This is my first paragraph.
The element has a start tag <p> and an end tag </p>.
The element content is: This is my first paragraph.
The
<body> element:
Example :1
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
Example :2
1.<html>
2.<head>
3.<title>My
WebPage!</title>
4.</head>
5.<body>
6.Hello
World! All my content goes here!
7.</body>
8.</html>
The
<body> element defines the body of the HTML document.
The element has a start tag <body> and an end tag </body>.
The element content is another HTML element (a p element).
The element has a start tag <body> and an end tag </body>.
The element content is another HTML element (a p element).
The <html> element:
<html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
<body>
<p>This is my first paragraph.</p>
</body>
</html>
The
<html> element defines the whole HTML document.
The element has a start tag <html> and an end tag </html>.
The element content is another HTML element (the body element).
The element has a start tag <html> and an end tag </html>.
The element content is another HTML element (the body element).
<title> element:
1.<html>
2.<head>
3.<title>
My WebPage!</title>
4.</head>
5.</html>
Don't Forget the End Tag:
Some
HTML elements might display correctly even if you forget the end tag:
<p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is a paragraph
<p>This is a paragraph
The
example above works in most browsers, because the closing tag is considered
optional.
Never
rely on this. Many HTML elements will produce unexpected results and/or errors
if you forget the end tag .
Empty HTML Elements:
HTML
elements with no content are called empty elements.
<br>
is an empty element without a closing tag (the <br> tag defines a line
break).
Tip: In XHTML, all elements must be closed.
Adding a slash inside the start tag, like <br />, is the proper way of
closing empty elements in XHTML (and XML).
HTML Tip: Use Lowercase Tags:
HTML
tags are not case sensitive: <P> means the same as <p>. Many web
sites use uppercase HTML tags.
W3Schools
use lowercase tags because the World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) recommends lowercase in HTML 4, anddemands lowercase tags in XHTML.
Elements and tags:
You are now ready to learn the essence of HTML: elements.Elements give structure to a HTML document and tells the browser how you want your website to be presented. Generally elements consists of a start tag, some content, and an end tag.
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