A URL is another word for a web address.
URL - Uniform Resource Locator:
Web browsers request pages from web servers by using a URL.When you click on a link in an HTML page, an underlying <a> tag points to an address on the world wide web.
A Uniform Resource Locator (URL) is used to address a document (or other data) on the world wide web.
A web address, like this: http://www.webcoachbd.wordpress.com follows these syntax rules:
scheme://host.domain:port/path/filename
Explanation:- scheme - defines the type of Internet service. The most common type is http
- host - defines the domain host (the default host for http is www)
- domain - defines the Internet domain name, like webcoachbd.wordpress.com
- port - defines the port number at the host (the default port number for http is 80)
- path - defines a path at the server (If omitted, the document must be stored at the root directory of the web site)
- filename - defines the name of a document/resource
The table below lists some common schemes:
|
Scheme
|
Short for....
|
Which pages will the scheme
be used for...
|
|
http
|
HyperText Transfer Protocol
|
Common web pages starts
with http://. Not encrypted
|
|
https
|
Secure HyperText Transfer
Protocol
|
Secure web pages. All
information exchanged are encrypted
|
|
ftp
|
File Transfer Protocol
|
For downloading or
uploading files to a website. Useful for domain maintenance
|
|
file
|
|
A file on your computer
|
URL Encoding:
URLs can only be sent over the Internet using the ASCII character-set.Since URLs often contain characters outside the ASCII set, the URL has to be converted into a valid ASCII format.
URL encoding converts characters into a format that can be transmitted over the Internet.
URL encoding replaces non ASCII characters with a "%" followed by two hexadecimal digits.
URLs cannot contain spaces. URL encoding normally replaces a space with a + sign.
URL Encoding Examples:
Character URL-encoding
€ %80
£ %A3
© %A9
® %AE
À %C0
Á %C1
 %C2
à %C3
Ä %C4
Å %C5
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